Communities follow FEP-1b12, circles federate to their members only

Communities:
- a post addressed to a community (to, cc or audience) is accepted
  according to its posting policy - followers, anyone, or moderators -
  and GroupDistributor announces the whole activity with `audience` to
  the community's followers, plus the object for new posts so Mastodon
  shows them; updates and deletes of community content are announced too;
- top-level posts are Pages with a name (the title, or a headline from
  the text); /flock counts members, /wardens lists moderators;
- a Mastodon client posts into a community by mentioning it, or into a
  remote group, which sets `audience`;
- an Announce of an activity from a remote group a persona follows (Lemmy)
  is followed through: the object is fetched from its own origin, kept with
  its AudienceURI, and fanned out to the group's local followers; updates
  are applied in place and deletes checked against the origin.

Circles stop being local-only: an undiscoverable Group actor whose follows
are all requests the owner approves; posts addressed to the circle and its
/flock and delivered to members' own inboxes, never announced, never
public; a remote member's post into the circle is accepted from members
only. SignedFetchAuthorizer serves circle posts and collections only to a
signed request from a member or a member server's instance actor - 404 for
anyone else. Circles never surface in search, lookups, mentions, account
ids or profile pages.

Federation:SecureMode requires a valid signature on every GET under
/peasants except the instance actor. Group forms take a posting policy.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012CzABvBkbcFqoHdmi8b9WB

CLAUDE.md

@@ -166,8 +166,13 @@ cd /var/www/privapub.thepra.dev && sudo -u www-data ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Produ
    - the shared inbox is advertised in `endpoints.sharedInbox`.
 7. **Remote HTML is sanitized before it is stored** (`ContentSanitizer`); `Post.ContentHtml` is what is shown,
    `ContentFormat` says what `Text` holds. Remote names are plain text.
-8. **Circles never federate.** A circle's actor, collections, WebFinger and inbox answer 404, and its posts are
-   `IsLocalOnly`. Only communities are Group actors.
+8. **Circles federate to members only.** A circle is an undiscoverable Group actor that takes follow requests (the owner
+   approves); its posts are addressed to the circle and its `/flock`, delivered to members' personal inboxes, never
+   announced, and served only to a signed request from a member or a member's instance actor
+   (`SignedFetchAuthorizer`), 404 otherwise. Circles never appear in search, lookups, mentions or profile pages.
+   **Communities** are FEP-1b12 groups: `GroupDistributor` announces the whole activity (plus the object for new posts,
+   for Mastodon), top-level posts are `Page`s with a `name`, posting follows `Group.PostingPolicy`.
+   Located posts (`LocalGeo`) are the only local-only posts.
 9. **A DM joins a conversation only by `DmGroup.ParticipantsKey`**, the exact set of its participants; a remote
    `context` decides nothing. DMs are `Post`s with `Visibility = Direct` and a `ConversationId` (`DmPost` is legacy).
 10. **Nothing slow happens inside a request.** Deliveries and inbox processing are `Job`s (`Infrastructure/Jobs`):

FEDERATION.md

@@ -47,10 +47,18 @@ The names are the project's own and are stable; resolve actors through WebFinger
 
 A group is either a **community** or a **circle**.
 
-- A community is a `Group` actor. It accepts `Follow` and re-shares (`Announce`) posts from its followers that address
-  it. Full FEP-1b12 behaviour (announcing activities, `audience`, moderation) is planned.
-- A circle is private and does not federate yet: its actor, collections and WebFinger answer 404, and its posts are never
-  delivered.
+- A **community** follows [FEP-1b12](https://codeberg.org/fediverse/fep/src/branch/main/fep/1b12/fep-1b12.md). Posts
+  addressed to it (in `to`, `cc` or `audience`) are accepted according to its posting policy (followers, anyone, or
+  moderators only) and the group `Announce`s the whole activity, with `audience` set, to its followers. A new post is
+  also announced as an object so Mastodon shows it. Updates and deletes of community content are announced too. A
+  top-level post is a `Page` with a `name`. Members are counted at `/flock`; moderators are listed at `/wardens`, which
+  `attributedTo` does not yet point to. A mention of a community posts into it.
+- A **circle** is private. Its actor is not discoverable and every follow is a request. Its posts are addressed to the
+  circle and its members collection, delivered to each member's own inbox and never announced. They are served only
+  to a signed request from a member, or from the instance actor of a member's server; anyone else gets 404. A
+  Mastodon member's replies reach only the people they mention.
+- Announces from **remote** groups (Lemmy communities) are followed through to the activity: the object is fetched
+  from its own origin, never taken from the announce.
 
 ## Activities
 
@@ -85,6 +93,10 @@ tags. A post's title becomes `name` and is also the first, bold line of `content
 Visibility is expressed in `to`/`cc` the way Mastodon does it: public, unlisted, followers-only and direct. Inbound
 followers-only posts are recognised by the author's own `followers` collection.
 
+## Local-only posts
+
+Posts with a location (shown to nearby users of this server) never leave the server, in any form.
+
 ## Security rules a peer will notice
 
 - **Signatures.** Inbox POSTs must be signed over `(request-target)`, `host`, `digest` and `date` (or `(created)`). The

PrivaPub.ClientModels/Group/InsertGroupForm.cs

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.ClientModels.Group
 
 		public string InvitationPassword { get; set; }
 		public bool IsCommunity { get; set; }
+		public string PostingPolicy { get; set; }//followers (default), anyone, moderators
 		public bool IsDiscoverable { get; set; } = true;
 		public bool ManuallyApprovesMembers { get; set; }
 	}

PrivaPub.ClientModels/Group/UpdateGroupForm.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.ClientModels.Group
 		public bool RemoveInvitationPassword { get; set; }
 		public bool RegenerateInvitationCode { get; set; }
 		public bool? IsDiscoverable { get; set; }
+		public string PostingPolicy { get; set; }
 		public bool? ManuallyApprovesMembers { get; set; }
 	}
 }

PrivaPub.ClientModels/Group/ViewGroup.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.ClientModels.Group
 		public string Url { get; set; }
 		public string Handle { get; set; }
 		public bool IsCommunity { get; set; }
+		public string PostingPolicy { get; set; }
 		public bool IsDiscoverable { get; set; }
 		public bool ManuallyApprovesMembers { get; set; }
 		public bool IsOwner { get; set; }

PrivaPub.Tests/Federation/GroupTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+using PrivaPub.ClientModels.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Signing;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Federation;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Group;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Tests.Support;
+
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+
+using GroupEntity = PrivaPub.Models.Group.Group;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
+{
+	[Trait("Category", "Integration")]
+	public sealed class GroupTests : IAsyncLifetime
+	{
+		Harness _harness;
+
+		public async ValueTask InitializeAsync()
+		{
+			Assert.SkipUnless(MongoFixture.Enabled, MongoFixture.Skip);
+			_harness = await Harness.Start();
+		}
+
+		public async ValueTask DisposeAsync()
+		{
+			if (_harness != default)
+				await _harness.DisposeAsync();
+		}
+
+		async Task<(GroupEntity Entity, PrivaPub.Federation.Actors.LocalActor Actor)> Group(GroupKind kind, PostingPolicy policy, string ownerId, params string[] remoteMembers)
+		{
+			var (privateKey, publicKey) = PrivaPub.Federation.Actors.Keys.NewKeyPair();
+			var group = new GroupEntity
+			{
+				UserName = $"{kind}{Guid.NewGuid():N}"[..20].ToLowerInvariant(),
+				Kind = kind,
+				PostingPolicy = policy,
+				PrivateKey = privateKey,
+				PublicKey = publicKey,
+				Members = new() { new GroupMember { AvatarId = ownerId, Role = GroupRole.Owner } }
+			};
+			group.Members.AddRange(remoteMembers.Select(m => new GroupMember { AvatarId = m, IsForeign = true }));
+			await DB.Default.SaveAsync(group);
+			return (group, _harness.Local.FromGroup(group));
+		}
+
+		static string Origin(RemoteActor actor) => new Uri(actor.Id).GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority);
+
+		static JsonObject Create(RemoteActor author, IEnumerable<string> to, string audience = default)
+		{
+			var note = new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = $"{Origin(author)}/notes/{Guid.NewGuid():N}",
+				["type"] = "Note",
+				["attributedTo"] = author.Id,
+				["content"] = "<p>to the group</p>",
+				["to"] = new JsonArray(to.Select(t => (JsonNode)t).ToArray())
+			};
+			if (audience != default)
+				note["audience"] = audience;
+			return new JsonObject { ["id"] = $"{Origin(author)}/activities/{Guid.NewGuid():N}", ["type"] = "Create", ["actor"] = author.Id, ["object"] = note };
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task A_follower_posting_to_a_community_is_announced_activity_and_object()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (_, owner) = await _harness.Persona("owner");
+			var (_, community) = await Group(GroupKind.Community, PostingPolicy.Followers, owner.Id);
+			var lemmy = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "lemmy");
+			var stranger = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "stranger");
+			await _harness.FollowedBy(community, lemmy);
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(lemmy, "/human-centipede", Create(lemmy, new[] { community.Uri, Addressing.Public }, community.Uri));
+			await _harness.Deliver(stranger, "/human-centipede", Create(stranger, new[] { community.Uri, Addressing.Public }, community.Uri));
+
+			Assert.True(await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.GroupId == community.Id && p.ActorURI == lemmy.Id).ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+			Assert.False(await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.GroupId == community.Id && p.ActorURI == stranger.Id).ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+			var announces = (await _harness.Outgoing(lemmy.SharedInbox)).Where(a => a["actor"]!.GetValue<string>() == community.Uri).ToList();
+			Assert.Equal(2, announces.Count);
+			Assert.Contains(announces, a => a["object"] is JsonObject inner && inner["type"]!.GetValue<string>() == "Create" && a["audience"]!.GetValue<string>() == community.Uri);
+			Assert.Contains(announces, a => a["object"] is JsonValue);
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task An_open_community_takes_posts_from_anyone()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (_, owner) = await _harness.Persona("owner");
+			var (_, community) = await Group(GroupKind.Community, PostingPolicy.Anyone, owner.Id);
+			var stranger = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "stranger");
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(stranger, "/human-centipede", Create(stranger, new[] { community.Uri, Addressing.Public }));
+
+			Assert.True(await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.GroupId == community.Id && p.ActorURI == stranger.Id).ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task Mentioning_a_community_posts_into_it_as_a_titled_page()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (_, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			var (_, community) = await Group(GroupKind.Community, PostingPolicy.Anyone, alice.Id);
+			var follower = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "follower");
+			await _harness.FollowedBy(community, follower);
+
+			var outcome = await _harness.Statuses.Publish(alice, new StatusDraft { Text = $"@{community.UserName} a new thread", PlainText = true }, token);
+
+			Assert.Equal(community.Id, outcome.Post.GroupId);
+			var note = ActivityPubRenderer.Note(outcome.Post, alice, community, default);
+			Assert.Equal("Page", note["type"]!.GetValue<string>());
+			Assert.Equal(community.Uri, note["audience"]!.GetValue<string>());
+			Assert.False(string.IsNullOrEmpty(note["name"]!.GetValue<string>()));
+			Assert.Contains(await _harness.Outgoing(follower.SharedInbox), a => a["type"]!.GetValue<string>() == "Announce");
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task A_circle_post_goes_only_to_members_and_only_members_may_read_it()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (_, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			var member = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "member");
+			var outsider = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "outsider");
+			var (circleEntity, circle) = await Group(GroupKind.Circle, PostingPolicy.Followers, alice.Id, member.Id);
+			await _harness.Remote.GetActor(member.Id, refresh: false, token);
+			var follower = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "follower");
+			await _harness.FollowedBy(alice, follower);
+
+			var outcome = await _harness.Statuses.Publish(alice, new StatusDraft { Text = "just us", GroupId = circle.Id }, token);
+
+			Assert.Equal(PostVisibility.Circle, outcome.Post.Visibility);
+			var create = Assert.Single(await _harness.Outgoing(member.Id + "/inbox"));
+			Assert.Equal(new[] { circle.Uri, circle.Flock }, create["object"]!["to"]!.AsArray().Select(t => t!.GetValue<string>()));
+			Assert.DoesNotContain(Addressing.Public, create.ToJsonString());
+			Assert.Empty(await _harness.Outgoing(follower.SharedInbox));
+			Assert.Empty((await _harness.Outgoing(member.SharedInbox)).Where(a => a["type"]!.GetValue<string>() == "Announce"));
+
+			var authorizer = new SignedFetchAuthorizer(_harness.Remote);
+			var path = new Uri(outcome.Post.ObjectURI).AbsolutePath;
+			var asMember = await authorizer.Requester(member.Get(Harness.Host, path), token);
+			var asOutsider = await authorizer.Requester(outsider.Get(Harness.Host, path), token);
+			Assert.True(SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(circleEntity, asMember));
+			Assert.False(SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(circleEntity, asOutsider));
+			Assert.False(SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(circleEntity, default));
+			Assert.True(circle.IsCircle);
+			Assert.False(circle.Discoverable);
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task Only_circle_members_can_post_into_a_circle()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (aliceRoot, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			var member = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "member");
+			var outsider = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "outsider");
+			var (_, circle) = await Group(GroupKind.Circle, PostingPolicy.Followers, alice.Id, member.Id);
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(member, "/human-centipede", Create(member, new[] { circle.Uri, circle.Flock }));
+			await _harness.Deliver(outsider, "/human-centipede", Create(outsider, new[] { circle.Uri, circle.Flock }));
+
+			var stored = await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.GroupId == circle.Id).ExecuteAsync(token);
+			Assert.Equal(member.Id, Assert.Single(stored).ActorURI);
+			Assert.Equal(PostVisibility.Circle, stored[0].Visibility);
+			Assert.True(await DB.Default.Find<TimelineEntry>().Match(e => e.AvatarId == alice.Id && e.PostId == stored[0].ID).ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task A_followed_remote_community_announcing_a_post_puts_it_in_home()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (root, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			var lemmyCommunity = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "cats", type: "Group");
+			var poster = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "poster");
+			await _harness.Follows.Follow(root, new FollowForm { AvatarId = alice.Id, Target = lemmyCommunity.Id }, token);
+			await DB.Default.Update<Following>().Match(f => f.AvatarId == alice.Id).Modify(f => f.State, FollowState.Accepted).ExecuteAsync(token);
+			var create = Create(poster, new[] { lemmyCommunity.Id, Addressing.Public }, lemmyCommunity.Id);
+			var noteId = create["object"]!["id"]!.GetValue<string>();
+			_harness.Peer.Serve(new Uri(noteId).AbsolutePath, create["object"]!.ToJsonString());
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(lemmyCommunity, "/human-centipede", new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = $"{Origin(lemmyCommunity)}/activities/announce/{Guid.NewGuid():N}", ["type"] = "Announce", ["actor"] = lemmyCommunity.Id,
+				["to"] = new JsonArray(Addressing.Public), ["object"] = create
+			});
+
+			var post = await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.ObjectURI == noteId).ExecuteSingleAsync(token);
+			Assert.Equal(lemmyCommunity.Id, post.AudienceURI);
+			Assert.True(await DB.Default.Find<TimelineEntry>().Match(e => e.AvatarId == alice.Id && e.PostId == post.ID).ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub.Tests/Federation/InboxScenarioTests.cs

@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
 			{
 				new FollowHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery),
 				new UndoHandler(db, _local),
-				new CreateHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, _blocks, new Fanout(db), new RemotePosts(db, _local, remote, _blocks, queue)),
-				new DeleteHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery),
-				new UpdateHandler(db, _local, remote)
+				new CreateHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, _blocks, new Fanout(db), new RemotePosts(db, _local, remote, _blocks, queue), new GroupDistributor(delivery)),
+				new DeleteHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, new GroupDistributor(delivery)),
+				new UpdateHandler(db, _local, remote, new GroupDistributor(delivery))
 			}, NullLogger<InboxProcessor>.Instance);
 		}
 
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
 		}
 
 		[Fact]
-		public async Task A_circle_is_not_a_federated_actor()
+		public async Task A_circle_only_takes_follow_requests()
 		{
 			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
 			var (privateKey, publicKey) = Keys.NewKeyPair();
@@ -339,8 +339,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
 				["object"] = actor.Uri
 			};
 
-			Assert.False(actor.IsFederated);
-			Assert.Equal(404, (await Deliver(bob, "/human-centipede", follow)).StatusCode);
+			Assert.True(actor.IsCircle);
+			Assert.True(actor.ManuallyApprovesFollowers);
+			Assert.False(actor.Discoverable);
+			Assert.Equal(202, (await Deliver(bob, "/human-centipede", follow)).StatusCode);
+			var request = await DB.Default.Find<Follower>().Match(f => f.LocalActorId == circle.ID).ExecuteSingleAsync(token);
+			Assert.False(request.IsAccepted);
+			Assert.DoesNotContain(circle.Members, m => m.AvatarId == bob.Id);
 		}
 	}
 }

PrivaPub.Tests/Support/Harness.cs

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 			Remote = new RemoteActorService(Peer.Http(cache), Local, cache, Db);
 			Delivery = new DeliveryService(Db, Queue);
 			Fanout = new Fanout(Db);
+			Groups = new GroupDistributor(Delivery);
 			RemotePosts = new RemotePosts(Db, Local, Remote, new NoBlocks(), Queue);
 			Receiver = new InboxReceiver(Local, Remote, Queue, new NoBlocks(), NullLogger<InboxReceiver>.Instance);
 			Processor = new InboxProcessor(Remote, new IActivityHandler[]
@@ -50,10 +51,10 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 				new RejectHandler(Db, Local),
 				new UndoHandler(Db, Local),
 				new LikeHandler(Db),
-				new AnnounceHandler(Db, Local, RemotePosts, Fanout),
-				new CreateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, new NoBlocks(), Fanout, RemotePosts),
-				new DeleteHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery),
-				new UpdateHandler(Db, Local, Remote),
+				new AnnounceHandler(Db, Local, RemotePosts, Fanout, Remote),
+				new CreateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, new NoBlocks(), Fanout, RemotePosts, Groups),
+				new DeleteHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Groups),
+				new UpdateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Groups),
 				new FlagHandler(Db, Local)
 			}, NullLogger<InboxProcessor>.Instance);
 			Follows = new FollowService(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, new KeyLocalizer<GenericRes>(), NullLogger<FollowService>.Instance);
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 			Outbox = new OutboxPublisher(Db, Local, Delivery);
 			Media = new MediaService(new StaticOptions<MediaOptions>(new MediaOptions { Root = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"privapub-media-{Guid.NewGuid():N}") }),
 				Local, default, NullLogger<MediaService>.Instance);
-			Statuses = new StatusService(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Content, Outbox, Fanout, Media);
+			Statuses = new StatusService(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Content, Outbox, Fanout, Media, Groups);
 			Posts = new PostsService(Db, Local, Statuses, new KeyLocalizer<GenericRes>(), NullLogger<PostsService>.Instance);
 			Timelines = new TimelineService(Db, new KeyLocalizer<GenericRes>());
 			Relationships = new RelationshipService(Db, Follows, Delivery);
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 		public PostsService Posts { get; }
 		public StatusService Statuses { get; }
 		public MediaService Media { get; }
+		public GroupDistributor Groups { get; }
 		public Fanout Fanout { get; }
 		public RemotePosts RemotePosts { get; }
 		public TimelineService Timelines { get; }

PrivaPub.Tests/Support/RemoteActor.cs

@@ -14,13 +14,16 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 	{
 		readonly RSA _key = RSA.Create(2048);
 
-		public RemoteActor(Peer peer, string name, string origin = default)
+		public RemoteActor(Peer peer, string name, string origin = default, string type = "Person")
 		{
 			Name = $"{name}{Guid.NewGuid():N}"[..20];
 			Id = $"{origin ?? peer.A}/users/{Name}";
+			Type = type;
 			peer.Serve($"/users/{Name}", Document().ToJsonString());
 		}
 
+		public string Type { get; }
+
 		public string Name { get; }
 		public string Id { get; }
 		public string KeyId => Id + "#main-key";
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 		public JsonObject Document() => new()
 		{
 			["id"] = Id,
-			["type"] = "Person",
+			["type"] = Type,
 			["preferredUsername"] = Name,
 			["inbox"] = Id + "/inbox",
 			["followers"] = Id + "/followers",
@@ -41,6 +44,21 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 			}
 		};
 
+		public HttpRequest Get(string host, string path)
+		{
+			var date = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.ToString("r", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+			var signingString = $"(request-target): get {path}\nhost: {host}\ndate: {date}";
+			var signature = Convert.ToBase64String(_key.SignData(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(signingString), HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1));
+			var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
+			context.Request.Method = "GET";
+			context.Request.Host = new HostString(host);
+			context.Request.Path = path;
+			context.Features.Get<IHttpRequestFeature>().RawTarget = path;
+			context.Request.Headers["Date"] = date;
+			context.Request.Headers["Signature"] = $"keyId=\"{KeyId}\",algorithm=\"rsa-sha256\",headers=\"(request-target) host date\",signature=\"{signature}\"";
+			return context.Request;
+		}
+
 		public HttpRequest Post(string host, string path, JsonNode activity)
 		{
 			var body = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(activity.ToJsonString());

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Controllers/AccountsController.cs

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
 			if (parts.Length == 1 || parts[1].Equals(localDomain, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
 			{
 				var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(parts[0], token);
-				return local is { IsFederated: true, Kind: not LocalActorKind.Application } ? Json(await _mapper.Local(local, false, token)) : NotFoundError();
+				return local is { IsFederated: true, IsCircle: false, Kind: not LocalActorKind.Application } ? Json(await _mapper.Local(local, false, token)) : NotFoundError();
 			}
 			var userName = parts[0];
 			var domain = parts[1].ToLowerInvariant();
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
 			if (avatar is { DeletionAt: null })
 				return (_localActors.FromAvatar(avatar), default);
 			var group = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(id).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
-			if (group is { DeletionAt: null } && _localActors.FromGroup(group) is { IsFederated: true } community)
+			if (group is { DeletionAt: null } && _localActors.FromGroup(group) is { IsFederated: true, IsCircle: false } community)
 				return (community, default);
 			return (default, await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.MatchID(id).ExecuteFirstAsync(token));
 		}

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Controllers/SearchController.cs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
 				{
 					var local = await _localActors.FindByUri(q, token);
 					var foreign = local == default ? (resolve ? await _remoteActors.GetActor(q, refresh: false, token) : default) : default;
-					if (local is { IsFederated: true })
+					if (local is { IsFederated: true, IsCircle: false })
 						results.Accounts.Add(await _mapper.Local(local, false, token));
 					else if (foreign != default)
 						results.Accounts.Add(_mapper.Foreign(foreign));

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Mappers/MastodonMapper.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using PrivaPub.Domain.Media;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Federation;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Group;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
 using PrivaPub.Models.User;
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers
 
 			foreach (var avatar in await _dbEntities.Avatars.Match(a => wanted.Contains(a.ID) && !a.DeletionAt.HasValue).ExecuteAsync(token))
 				accounts[avatar.ID] = await Local(_localActors.FromAvatar(avatar), false, token);
-			foreach (var group in await _dbEntities.Groups.Match(g => wanted.Contains(g.ID) && !g.DeletionAt.HasValue).ExecuteAsync(token))
+			foreach (var group in await _dbEntities.Groups.Match(g => wanted.Contains(g.ID) && !g.DeletionAt.HasValue && g.Kind == GroupKind.Community).ExecuteAsync(token))
 				accounts[group.ID] = await Local(_localActors.FromGroup(group), false, token);
 			foreach (var foreign in await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.Match(f => wanted.Contains(f.ID)).ExecuteAsync(token))
 				accounts[foreign.ID] = Foreign(foreign);

PrivaPub/Domain/Content/ContentRenderer.cs

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Content
 			if (parts.Length == 1 || parts[1].Equals(localDomain, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
 			{
 				var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(parts[0], token);
-				return local is { IsFederated: true, Kind: not LocalActorKind.Application }
+				return local is { IsFederated: true, IsCircle: false, Kind: not LocalActorKind.Application }
 					? new ResolvedMention(local.Uri, local.UserName, local.Domain, local.Uri, true, local.Id, local.Inbox)
 					: default;
 			}

PrivaPub/Domain/Social/FollowService.cs

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Social
 			var (local, remote) = await ResolveTarget(target, token);
 			if (local == default && remote == default)
 				return default;
-			if (local != default && (local.Id == follower.Id || !local.IsFederated || local.Kind == LocalActorKind.Application))
+			if (local != default && (local.Id == follower.Id || !local.IsFederated || local.IsCircle || local.Kind == LocalActorKind.Application))
 				return default;
 
 			var targetUri = local?.Uri ?? remote.ActorURI;

PrivaPub/Domain/Statuses/StatusService.cs

@@ -68,11 +68,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 		readonly IOutboxPublisher _outbox;
 		readonly IFanout _fanout;
 		readonly IMediaService _media;
+		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 
 		public StatusService(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery,
-			IContentRenderer content, IOutboxPublisher outbox, IFanout fanout, IMediaService media)
+			IContentRenderer content, IOutboxPublisher outbox, IFanout fanout, IMediaService media, IGroupDistributor groups)
 		{
 			_media = media;
+			_groups = groups;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 			_remoteActors = remoteActors;
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(draft.GroupId))
 			{
 				var groupEntity = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(draft.GroupId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
-				if (groupEntity == default || groupEntity.DeletionAt.HasValue || !groupEntity.Members.Any(m => !m.IsForeign && m.AvatarId == author.Id))
+				if (groupEntity == default || groupEntity.DeletionAt.HasValue || !await MayPost(groupEntity, author, token))
 					return StatusOutcome.Fail(StatusCodes.Status404NotFound, "Group not found");
 				group = _localActors.FromGroup(groupEntity);
 			}
@@ -111,9 +113,28 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 				return StatusOutcome.Fail(StatusCodes.Status422UnprocessableEntity, "Validation failed: A located post needs a valid position and no group or recipients");
 
 			var rendered = draft.PlainText ? await _content.PlainText(draft.Text ?? string.Empty, token) : await _content.Markdown(draft.Text ?? string.Empty, token);
-			var isLocalOnly = group is { IsFederated: false } || located;
+			string audienceUri = default;
+			if (group == default && !located && draft.Visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted)
+				foreach (var mention in rendered.Mentions)
+				{
+					if (mention.IsLocal)
+					{
+						var mentioned = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(mention.AccountId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+						if (mentioned is { DeletionAt: null, Kind: GroupKind.Community } && await MayPost(mentioned, author, token))
+						{
+							group = _localActors.FromGroup(mentioned);
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+					else if (await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.MatchID(mention.AccountId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token) is { AvatarType: Models.User.AvatarType.Group } remoteGroup)
+					{
+						audienceUri = remoteGroup.ActorURI;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+			var isLocalOnly = located;
 			var visibility = located ? PostVisibility.LocalGeo
-				: isLocalOnly ? PostVisibility.Circle
+				: group is { IsCircle: true } ? PostVisibility.Circle
 				: draft.Visibility is PostVisibility.Circle or PostVisibility.LocalGeo ? PostVisibility.Public : draft.Visibility;
 			var post = new PostEntity
 			{
@@ -131,6 +152,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 				Mentions = rendered.Mentions.Select(ToMention).ToList(),
 				Tags = rendered.Tags.ToList(),
 				Media = media.Select(ToPostMedia).ToList(),
+				AudienceURI = audienceUri,
 				AnsweringToPostId = parent?.ID,
 				InReplyToURI = parent?.ObjectURI ?? (IsRemoteUri(draft.InReplyTo) ? draft.InReplyTo : default),
 				InReplyToAccountId = parent?.AuthorAccountId ?? parent?.GroupUserId,
@@ -180,8 +202,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 			await _fanout.Distribute(post, token);
 			if (create != default)
 				await _outbox.Publish(author, post, create, token);
-			if (group is { IsFederated: true } && visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted)
-				await _delivery.EnqueueToFollowers(group, ActivityPubRenderer.Announce(group, post.ObjectURI, $"announce-{post.ID}"), token);
+			if (create != default && group is { IsCircle: false } && visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted)
+				await _groups.Announce(group, create, post.ObjectURI, isNewPost: string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.InReplyToURI), token);
 			return new StatusOutcome(post);
 		}
 
@@ -247,6 +269,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 					["object"] = note
 				};
 				await _outbox.Publish(author, post, update, token);
+				if (group is { IsCircle: false })
+					await _groups.Announce(group, update, post.ObjectURI, isNewPost: false, token);
 			}
 			return new StatusOutcome(post);
 		}
@@ -277,6 +301,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 				var delete = ActivityPubRenderer.Delete(author, post.ObjectURI, $"delete-{post.ID}",
 					new JsonArray(post.To.Select(t => (JsonNode)t).ToArray()), new JsonArray(post.Cc.Select(c => (JsonNode)c).ToArray()));
 				await _delivery.Enqueue(author, audience, delete, token);
+				var group = string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.GroupId) ? default : await _localActors.FindById(LocalActorKind.Group, post.GroupId, token);
+				if (group is { IsCircle: false })
+					await _groups.Announce(group, delete, post.ObjectURI, isNewPost: false, token);
 			}
 			return new StatusOutcome(post);
 		}
@@ -494,6 +521,20 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 			return (await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.MatchID(post.AuthorAccountId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token))?.InboxURL;
 		}
 
+		async Task<bool> MayPost(Models.Group.Group group, LocalActor author, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var member = group.Members.FirstOrDefault(m => !m.IsForeign && m.AvatarId == author.Id);
+			if (group.Kind == GroupKind.Circle)
+				return member != default;
+			return group.PostingPolicy switch
+			{
+				PostingPolicy.Anyone => true,
+				PostingPolicy.Moderators => member?.Role is GroupRole.Owner or GroupRole.Moderator,
+				_ => member != default || await _dbEntities.Followings
+					.Match(f => f.AvatarId == author.Id && f.TargetAccountId == group.ID && f.State == FollowState.Accepted).ExecuteAnyAsync(token)
+			};
+		}
+
 		async Task<List<MediaAttachment>> Media(LocalActor author, IReadOnlyList<string> ids, string postId, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			if (ids == default || ids.Count == 0)

PrivaPub/Domain/Timelines/Fanout.cs

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Timelines
 					foreach (var following in followers)
 						if (await Shows(following, post, token))
 							recipients.Add(following.AvatarId);
+					if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.AudienceURI))
+						foreach (var member in await _dbEntities.Followings.Match(f => f.TargetActorURI == post.AudienceURI && f.State == FollowState.Accepted).ExecuteAsync(token))
+							recipients.Add(member.AvatarId);
 					break;
 				case PostVisibility.Direct when !string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.ConversationId):
 					var conversation = await _dbEntities.DmGroups.MatchID(post.ConversationId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);

PrivaPub/Federation/Actors/LocalActorService.cs

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Actors
 		public bool Discoverable { get; init; } = true;
 		public bool ManuallyApprovesFollowers { get; init; }
 		public bool IsFederated { get; init; } = true;
+		public bool IsCircle { get; init; }
+		public bool PostingRestrictedToModerators { get; init; }
 		public bool IsBot { get; init; }
 		public bool Indexable { get; init; }
 		public AvatarSettings Settings { get; init; } = new();
@@ -44,6 +46,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Actors
 		public string Following => $"{Uri}/stalking";
 		public string Featured => $"{Uri}/trophies";
 		public string FeaturedTags => $"{Uri}/tattoos";
+		public string Flock => $"{Uri}/flock";
+		public string Wardens => $"{Uri}/wardens";
 		public string SharedInbox => $"{BaseAddress}/human-centipede";
 		public string Domain => new Uri(BaseAddress).Authority;
 		public string Handle => $"{UserName}@{Domain}";
@@ -219,9 +223,10 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Actors
 			ThumbnailURL = group.ThumbnailURL,
 			PrivateKeyPem = group.PrivateKey,
 			PublicKeyPem = group.PublicKey,
-			Discoverable = group.IsDiscoverable,
-			ManuallyApprovesFollowers = group.ManuallyApprovesMembers,
-			IsFederated = group.Kind == GroupKind.Community,
+			Discoverable = group.Kind == GroupKind.Community && group.IsDiscoverable,
+			ManuallyApprovesFollowers = group.Kind == GroupKind.Circle || group.ManuallyApprovesMembers,
+			IsCircle = group.Kind == GroupKind.Circle,
+			PostingRestrictedToModerators = group.PostingPolicy == PostingPolicy.Moderators,
 			Published = group.CreationDate,
 			BaseAddress = BaseAddress
 		};

PrivaPub/Federation/Controllers/PeasantsController.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Filters;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.RateLimiting;
 
 using MongoDB.Entities;
@@ -15,12 +17,15 @@ using PrivaPub.Domain.Privacy;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Signing;
+using PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Group;
 using PrivaPub.Infrastructure;
 
 namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 {
 	[ApiController, Route("peasants")]
-	public class PeasantsController : ControllerBase
+	public class PeasantsController : ControllerBase, IAsyncActionFilter
 	{
 		const string ActivityContentType = "application/activity+json; charset=utf-8";
 		const int OutboxSize = 20;
@@ -29,10 +34,14 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 		readonly IInboxReceiver _inbox;
 		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
 		readonly ILogger<PeasantsController> _logger;
+		readonly ISignedFetchAuthorizer _fetches;
+		readonly IOptionsMonitor<FederationOptions> _federation;
 
 		public PeasantsController(ILocalActorService localActors, IInboxReceiver inbox, DbEntities dbEntities,
-			ILogger<PeasantsController> logger)
+			ILogger<PeasantsController> logger, ISignedFetchAuthorizer fetches, IOptionsMonitor<FederationOptions> federation)
 		{
+			_fetches = fetches;
+			_federation = federation;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 			_inbox = inbox;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
@@ -113,6 +122,34 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 			return local is not { IsFederated: true } ? NotFound() : Activity(ActivityPubRenderer.OrderedCollection(local.Following, 0, default));
 		}
 
+		[HttpGet, Route("{actor}/flock")]
+		public async Task<IActionResult> Members(string actor, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(actor, token);
+			if (local is not { IsFederated: true, Kind: LocalActorKind.Group })
+				return NotFound();
+			var group = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(local.Id).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (local.IsCircle && !SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(group, await _fetches.Requester(Request, token)))
+				return NotFound();
+			return Activity(ActivityPubRenderer.OrderedCollection(local.Flock, group.Members.Count, default));
+		}
+
+		[HttpGet, Route("{actor}/wardens")]
+		public async Task<IActionResult> Moderators(string actor, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(actor, token);
+			if (local is not { IsFederated: true, Kind: LocalActorKind.Group })
+				return NotFound();
+			var group = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(local.Id).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (local.IsCircle && !SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(group, await _fetches.Requester(Request, token)))
+				return NotFound();
+			var moderators = new List<JsonNode>();
+			foreach (var member in group.Members.Where(m => !m.IsForeign && m.Role is GroupRole.Owner or GroupRole.Moderator))
+				if (await _localActors.FindById(LocalActorKind.Person, member.AvatarId, token) is { } moderator)
+					moderators.Add(moderator.Uri);
+			return Activity(ActivityPubRenderer.OrderedCollection(local.Wardens, moderators.Count, moderators));
+		}
+
 		[HttpGet, Route("{actor}/trophies")]
 		public async Task<IActionResult> Featured(string actor, CancellationToken token)
 		{
@@ -145,6 +182,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 		public async Task<IActionResult> Post(string actor, string postId, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			var (local, post) = await PublicPost(actor, postId, token);
+			if (post == default && await CirclePost(actor, postId, token) is { } circlePost)
+			{
+				var circleNote = ActivityPubRenderer.Note(circlePost.Post, circlePost.Author, circlePost.Circle, circlePost.Post.InReplyToURI);
+				circleNote["@context"] = ActivityPubRenderer.Context();
+				return Activity(circleNote);
+			}
 			if (post == default)
 				return await Tombstone(actor, postId, token) ?? NotFound();
 			if (WantsHtml())
@@ -202,6 +245,20 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 			return (local, post);
 		}
 
+		async Task<(LocalActor Author, LocalActor Circle, PostEntity Post)?> CirclePost(string actor, string postId, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(actor, token);
+			if (local is not { Kind: LocalActorKind.Person })
+				return default;
+			var post = await _dbEntities.Posts
+				.Match(p => p.ID == postId && p.GroupUserId == local.Id && !p.IsFederatedCopy && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue && p.Visibility == PostVisibility.Circle)
+				.ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			var circle = post == default ? default : await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(post.GroupId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (circle == default || !SignedFetchAuthorizer.MayReadCircle(circle, await _fetches.Requester(Request, token)))
+				return default;
+			return (local, _localActors.FromGroup(circle), post);
+		}
+
 		async Task<IActionResult> Tombstone(string actor, string postId, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			var local = await _localActors.FindByUserName(actor, token);
@@ -257,6 +314,19 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Controllers
 				&& !accept.Contains("ld+json", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 		}
 
+		[NonAction]
+		public async Task OnActionExecutionAsync(ActionExecutingContext context, ActionExecutionDelegate next)
+		{
+			if (_federation.CurrentValue.SecureMode && HttpMethods.IsGet(Request.Method)
+				&& !string.Equals(context.RouteData.Values["actor"] as string, LocalActorService.InstanceUserName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+				&& await _fetches.Requester(Request, HttpContext.RequestAborted) == default)
+			{
+				context.Result = StatusCode(StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized);
+				return;
+			}
+			await next();
+		}
+
 		IActionResult Answer(InboxResult result)
 		{
 			if (result.Error != default)

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/AnnounceHandler.cs

@@ -26,9 +26,11 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		readonly ILocalActorService _localActors;
 		readonly IRemotePosts _remotePosts;
 		readonly IFanout _fanout;
+		readonly IRemoteActorService _remoteActors;
 
-		public AnnounceHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemotePosts remotePosts, IFanout fanout)
+		public AnnounceHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemotePosts remotePosts, IFanout fanout, IRemoteActorService remoteActors)
 		{
+			_remoteActors = remoteActors;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 			_remotePosts = remotePosts;
@@ -41,7 +43,10 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		{
 			var inner = activity["object"];
 			if (inner is JsonObject && Value(inner, "type") is "Create" or "Update" or "Delete" or "Like" or "Dislike" or "Undo" or "Add" or "Remove" or "Block")
+			{
+				await GroupActivity(inner, actor, token);
 				return;
+			}
 			var objectUri = Id(inner);
 			var announceId = Id(activity);
 			if (objectUri == default || announceId == default)
@@ -96,6 +101,66 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 			await _fanout.Distribute(reblog, token);
 		}
 
+		async Task GroupActivity(JsonNode inner, ForeignAvatar group, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			if (group.AvatarType != AvatarType.Group
+				|| !await _dbEntities.Followings.Match(f => f.TargetActorURI == group.ActorURI && f.State == FollowState.Accepted).ExecuteAnyAsync(token))
+				return;
+			var objectUri = Id(inner["object"]);
+			switch (Value(inner, "type"))
+			{
+				case "Create" when objectUri != default:
+					if (await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri).ExecuteAnyAsync(token))
+						return;
+					var post = await _remotePosts.StoreContext(objectUri, 0, token);
+					if (post == default)
+						return;
+					await DB.Default.Update<PostEntity>().MatchID(post.ID).Modify(p => p.AudienceURI, group.ActorURI).ExecuteAsync(token);
+					post.AudienceURI = group.ActorURI;
+					await _fanout.Distribute(post, token);
+					break;
+				case "Update" when objectUri != default:
+					var stored = await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri && p.AudienceURI == group.ActorURI && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue)
+						.ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+					if (stored == default)
+						return;
+					using (var fetched = await _remoteActors.FetchObject(objectUri, token))
+					{
+						var note = fetched == default ? default : NoteParser.Parse(System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode.Parse(fetched.Root.GetRawText()));
+						if (note == default || note.AttributedTo != stored.ActorURI)
+							return;
+						stored.Revisions.Add(new PostRevision
+						{
+							Title = stored.Title,
+							SpoilerText = stored.SpoilerText,
+							ContentHtml = stored.ContentHtml,
+							HasContentWarning = stored.HasContentWarning,
+							EditedAt = stored.EditedAt ?? stored.CreationDate
+						});
+						stored.Title = note.Title;
+						stored.SpoilerText = note.SpoilerText;
+						stored.HasContentWarning = note.Sensitive;
+						stored.Text = note.ContentHtml;
+						stored.ContentHtml = note.ContentHtml;
+						stored.Tags = note.Tags.ToList();
+						stored.Media = note.Attachments.ToList();
+						stored.EditedAt = note.Updated ?? DateTime.UtcNow;
+						await DB.Default.SaveAsync(stored, token);
+					}
+					break;
+				case "Delete" when objectUri != default:
+					var deleted = await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri && p.AudienceURI == group.ActorURI).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+					if (deleted == default)
+						return;
+					using (var check = await _remoteActors.FetchObject(objectUri, token))
+						if (check != default && Value(System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode.Parse(check.Root.GetRawText()), "type") != "Tombstone")
+							return;
+					await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<PostEntity>(deleted.ID);
+					await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<TimelineEntry>(e => e.PostId == deleted.ID);
+					break;
+			}
+		}
+
 		static List<string> Strings(JsonNode node) => node switch
 		{
 			JsonArray array => array.Select(Id).Where(id => id != default).ToList(),

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/CreateHandler.cs

@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		readonly IDomainBlocks _domainBlocks;
 		readonly IFanout _fanout;
 		readonly IRemotePosts _remotePosts;
+		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 
 		public CreateHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery,
-			IDomainBlocks domainBlocks, IFanout fanout, IRemotePosts remotePosts)
+			IDomainBlocks domainBlocks, IFanout fanout, IRemotePosts remotePosts, IGroupDistributor groups)
 		{
+			_groups = groups;
 			_fanout = fanout;
 			_remotePosts = remotePosts;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
@@ -85,10 +87,17 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 			var parent = string.IsNullOrEmpty(note.InReplyTo)
 				? default
 				: await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == note.InReplyTo && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
-			var group = visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted
-				? localTargets.FirstOrDefault(t => t.Kind == LocalActorKind.Group)
-				: default;
-			if (group != default && !await IsAcceptedFollower(group, author.ActorURI, token))
+			var circle = localTargets.FirstOrDefault(t => t is { Kind: LocalActorKind.Group, IsCircle: true });
+			if (circle != default)
+			{
+				if (!await IsCircleMember(circle, author.ActorURI, token))
+					return;
+				visibility = PostVisibility.Circle;
+			}
+			var group = circle ?? (visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted
+				? localTargets.FirstOrDefault(t => t is { Kind: LocalActorKind.Group, IsCircle: false })
+				: default);
+			if (group is { IsCircle: false } && !await MayPost(group, author.ActorURI, token))
 				group = default;
 
 			var repliesToLocal = parent is { IsFederatedCopy: false } && visibility != PostVisibility.Direct;
@@ -128,11 +137,22 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 			await _fanout.Distribute(post, token);
 			if (conversation != default)
 				await DB.Default.Update<DmGroup>().MatchID(conversation.ID).Modify(g => g.UpdatedAt, DateTime.UtcNow).ExecuteAsync(token);
-			if (group != default)
+			if (group is { IsCircle: false })
+				await _groups.Announce(group, activity.AsObject(), note.Id, isNewPost: string.IsNullOrEmpty(note.InReplyTo), token);
+		}
+
+		async Task<bool> IsCircleMember(LocalActor circle, string actorUri, CancellationToken token) =>
+			await _dbEntities.Groups.Match(g => g.ID == circle.Id && g.Members.Any(m => m.IsForeign && m.AvatarId == actorUri)).ExecuteAnyAsync(token);
+
+		async Task<bool> MayPost(LocalActor community, string actorUri, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var entity = await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(community.Id).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			return entity?.PostingPolicy switch
 			{
-				var announce = ActivityPubRenderer.Announce(group, note.Id, $"announce-{post.ID}");
-				await _delivery.EnqueueToFollowers(group, announce, token);
-			}
+				PostingPolicy.Anyone => true,
+				PostingPolicy.Followers => await IsAcceptedFollower(community, actorUri, token),
+				_ => false
+			};
 		}
 
 		async Task<DmGroup> FindOrCreateConversation(List<string> participantUris, string context, CancellationToken token)

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/DeleteHandler.cs

@@ -26,9 +26,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		readonly ILocalActorService _localActors;
 		readonly IRemoteActorService _remoteActors;
 		readonly IDeliveryService _delivery;
+		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 
-		public DeleteHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery)
+		public DeleteHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery,
+			IGroupDistributor groups)
 		{
+			_groups = groups;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 			_remoteActors = remoteActors;
@@ -67,6 +70,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 				return;
 			await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<PostEntity>(post.ID);
 			await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<TimelineEntry>(e => e.PostId == post.ID || e.ReblogOfPostId == post.ID);
+			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.GroupId) && await _localActors.FindById(LocalActorKind.Group, post.GroupId, token) is { IsCircle: false } community)
+				await _groups.Announce(community, activity.AsObject(), post.ObjectURI, isNewPost: false, token);
 			await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<PostEntity>(p => p.ReblogOfPostId == post.ID);
 			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.AnsweringToPostId))
 				await DB.Default.Update<PostEntity>().MatchID(post.AnsweringToPostId).Modify(b => b.Inc(p => p.RepliesCount, -1)).ExecuteAsync(token);

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/UpdateHandler.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using MongoDB.Entities;
 
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
 using PrivaPub.Models.User;
 using PrivaPub.StaticServices;
@@ -21,9 +22,11 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
 		readonly ILocalActorService _localActors;
 		readonly IRemoteActorService _remoteActors;
+		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 
-		public UpdateHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors)
+		public UpdateHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IGroupDistributor groups)
 		{
+			_groups = groups;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 			_remoteActors = remoteActors;
@@ -79,6 +82,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 			post.EditedAt = note.Updated ?? DateTime.UtcNow;
 			post.UpdateDate = DateTime.UtcNow;
 			await DB.Default.SaveAsync(post, token);
+			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.GroupId) && await _localActors.FindById(Models.Federation.LocalActorKind.Group, post.GroupId, token) is { IsCircle: false } community)
+				await _groups.Announce(community, activity.AsObject(), post.ObjectURI, isNewPost: false, token);
 		}
 	}
 }

PrivaPub/Federation/Outbox/GroupDistributor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering;
+
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox
+{
+	public interface IGroupDistributor
+	{
+		Task Announce(LocalActor group, JsonObject activity, string objectUri, bool isNewPost, CancellationToken token);
+	}
+
+	public class GroupDistributor : IGroupDistributor
+	{
+		readonly IDeliveryService _delivery;
+
+		public GroupDistributor(IDeliveryService delivery)
+		{
+			_delivery = delivery;
+		}
+
+		public async Task Announce(LocalActor group, JsonObject activity, string objectUri, bool isNewPost, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			if (group is not { IsCircle: false, Kind: Models.Federation.LocalActorKind.Group })
+				return;
+			var embedded = (JsonObject)activity.DeepClone();
+			embedded.Remove("@context");
+			embedded["audience"] ??= group.Uri;
+			var key = Convert.ToHexStringLower(SHA256.HashData(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(activity["id"]?.GetValue<string>() ?? embedded.ToJsonString())))[..24];
+			var announce = new JsonObject
+			{
+				["@context"] = ActivityPubRenderer.Context(),
+				["id"] = group.ActivityUri($"announce-{key}"),
+				["type"] = "Announce",
+				["actor"] = group.Uri,
+				["to"] = new JsonArray(ActivityPubRenderer.Public),
+				["cc"] = new JsonArray(group.Followers),
+				["audience"] = group.Uri,
+				["object"] = embedded
+			};
+			await _delivery.EnqueueToFollowers(group, announce, token);
+			if (isNewPost && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(objectUri))
+				await _delivery.EnqueueToFollowers(group, ActivityPubRenderer.Announce(group, objectUri, $"announce-object-{key}"), token);
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Federation/Outbox/OutboxPublisher.cs

@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox
 
 		public async Task<IReadOnlyList<string>> Audience(LocalActor author, PostEntity post, CancellationToken token)
 		{
-			if (post.Visibility is PostVisibility.Circle or PostVisibility.LocalGeo || post.IsLocalOnly)
+			if (post.Visibility == PostVisibility.LocalGeo || post.IsLocalOnly)
 				return Array.Empty<string>();
+			if (post.Visibility == PostVisibility.Circle)
+				return await CircleMembers(post.GroupId, token);
 
 			var inboxes = new List<string>();
 			if (post.Visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted or PostVisibility.FollowersOnly)
@@ -58,16 +60,21 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox
 					inboxes.Add(parentAuthor.InboxURL);
 			}
 
-			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.GroupId) && post.Visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted)
-			{
-				var group = await _localActors.FindById(LocalActorKind.Group, post.GroupId, token);
-				if (group is { IsFederated: true })
-					inboxes.AddRange(await _delivery.FollowerInboxes(group, token));
-			}
-
 			return inboxes.Where(i => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(i)).Distinct(StringComparer.Ordinal).ToList();
 		}
 
+		async Task<IReadOnlyList<string>> CircleMembers(string groupId, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var circle = string.IsNullOrEmpty(groupId) ? default : await _dbEntities.Groups.MatchID(groupId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (circle == default)
+				return Array.Empty<string>();
+			var remote = circle.Members.Where(m => m.IsForeign).Select(m => m.AvatarId).ToList();
+			if (remote.Count == 0)
+				return Array.Empty<string>();
+			return (await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.Match(a => remote.Contains(a.ActorURI)).ExecuteAsync(token))
+				.Select(a => a.InboxURL).Where(i => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(i)).Distinct(StringComparer.Ordinal).ToList();
+		}
+
 		public async Task Publish(LocalActor author, PostEntity post, JsonObject activity, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			var inboxes = await Audience(author, post, token);

PrivaPub/Federation/Rendering/ActivityPubRenderer.cs

@@ -109,17 +109,25 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering
 			var mentions = post.Mentions.Select(m => (JsonNode)m.ActorURI).ToArray();
 			var (to, cc) = post.Visibility switch
 			{
+				PostVisibility.Circle when group != default => (new JsonArray(group.Uri, group.Flock), new JsonArray(mentions)),
 				PostVisibility.Unlisted => (new JsonArray(author.Followers), new JsonArray(mentions.Prepend(Public).ToArray())),
 				PostVisibility.FollowersOnly => (new JsonArray(author.Followers), new JsonArray(mentions)),
 				PostVisibility.Direct => (new JsonArray(mentions), new JsonArray()),
 				_ => (new JsonArray(Public), new JsonArray(mentions.Prepend(author.Followers).ToArray()))
 			};
-			if (group != default)
+			if (group is { IsCircle: false })
 				cc.Add(group.Uri);
 
 			var note = NoteBody(post, author, to, cc, inReplyTo);
 			if (group != default)
 				note["audience"] = group.Uri;
+			else if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.AudienceURI))
+				note["audience"] = post.AudienceURI;
+			if (group is { IsCircle: false } && string.IsNullOrEmpty(inReplyTo))
+			{
+				note["type"] = "Page";
+				note["name"] = post.Title ?? Headline(post);
+			}
 			return note;
 		}
 
@@ -141,6 +149,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering
 			return note;
 		}
 
+		static string Headline(PostEntity post)
+		{
+			var text = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(post.ContentHtml ?? post.Text ?? string.Empty, "<[^>]+>", " ");
+			text = WebUtility.HtmlDecode(System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(text, "\\s+", " ")).Trim();
+			return text.Length <= 100 ? text : text[..97] + "...";
+		}
+
 		static JsonObject NoteBody(PostEntity post, LocalActor author, JsonArray to, JsonArray cc, string inReplyTo)
 		{
 			var content = post.ContentHtml ?? Html(post.Text);

PrivaPub/Federation/Signing/SignedFetchAuthorizer.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Models.User;
+
+using GroupEntity = PrivaPub.Models.Group.Group;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Signing
+{
+	public interface ISignedFetchAuthorizer
+	{
+		Task<ForeignAvatar> Requester(HttpRequest request, CancellationToken token);
+	}
+
+	public class SignedFetchAuthorizer : ISignedFetchAuthorizer
+	{
+		readonly IRemoteActorService _remoteActors;
+
+		public SignedFetchAuthorizer(IRemoteActorService remoteActors)
+		{
+			_remoteActors = remoteActors;
+		}
+
+		public async Task<ForeignAvatar> Requester(HttpRequest request, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var parameters = HttpSignatures.Parse(request.Headers["Signature"].ToString());
+			if (parameters == default || HttpSignatures.CheckRequest(request, parameters, body: default) != default)
+				return default;
+			var signingString = HttpSignatures.SigningString(request, parameters);
+			var actor = await _remoteActors.GetActorByKeyId(parameters.KeyId, refresh: false, token);
+			if (actor != default && HttpSignatures.Verify(actor.PublicKey, signingString, parameters.Signature))
+				return actor;
+			actor = await _remoteActors.GetActorByKeyId(parameters.KeyId, refresh: true, token);
+			return actor != default && HttpSignatures.Verify(actor.PublicKey, signingString, parameters.Signature) ? actor : default;
+		}
+
+		public static bool MayReadCircle(GroupEntity circle, ForeignAvatar requester) =>
+			requester != default && circle.Members.Any(m => m.IsForeign
+				&& (m.AvatarId == requester.ActorURI || requester.AvatarType == AvatarType.Application && Origin.Same(m.AvatarId, requester.ActorURI)));
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Infrastructure/Http/FederationOptions.cs

@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http
 	{
 		public bool AllowPrivateNetworks { get; set; }
 		public bool AllowPlainHttp { get; set; }
+		public bool SecureMode { get; set; }
 	}
 }

PrivaPub/Middleware/SocialPubConfigurations.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ using PrivaPub.Services.ClientToServer.Private;
 using PrivaPub.Services.ClientToServer.Public;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Signing;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Moderation;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers;
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Middleware
 				.AddSingleton<IRemoteActorService, RemoteActorService>()
 				.AddSingleton<IDeliveryService, DeliveryService>()
 				.AddSingleton<IOutboxPublisher, OutboxPublisher>()
+				.AddSingleton<IGroupDistributor, GroupDistributor>()
+				.AddSingleton<ISignedFetchAuthorizer, SignedFetchAuthorizer>()
 				.AddSingleton<IFanout, Fanout>()
 				.AddSingleton<IInboxReceiver, InboxReceiver>()
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, FollowHandler>()

PrivaPub/Models/Group/Group.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Group
 		public string PublicKey { get; set; }
 
 		public GroupKind Kind { get; set; }
+		public PostingPolicy PostingPolicy { get; set; }
+		public List<string> Rules { get; set; } = new();
 		public bool IsDiscoverable { get; set; } = true;
 		public bool ManuallyApprovesMembers { get; set; }
 		public string OwnerAvatarId { get; set; }
@@ -49,6 +51,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Group
 		Community
 	}
 
+	public enum PostingPolicy
+	{
+		Followers,
+		Anyone,
+		Moderators
+	}
+
 	public enum GroupRole
 	{
 		Member,

PrivaPub/Models/Post/Post.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Post
 		public string InReplyToAccountId { get; set; }
 		public string GroupId { get; set; }
 		public string ConversationId { get; set; }//DmGroup.ID of a direct post
+		public string AudienceURI { get; set; }//a remote community the post was made in
 		public string ReblogOfPostId { get; set; }
 		public PostVisibility Visibility { get; set; }
 		public string Title { get; set; }

PrivaPub/Services/GroupUsersService.cs

@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Services
 					PrivateKey = privateKey,
 					PublicKey = publicKey,
 					Kind = form.IsCommunity ? GroupKind.Community : GroupKind.Circle,
+					PostingPolicy = Policy(form.PostingPolicy) ?? PostingPolicy.Followers,
 					IsDiscoverable = form.IsDiscoverable,
 					ManuallyApprovesMembers = form.ManuallyApprovesMembers,
 					OwnerAvatarId = form.AvatarId,
@@ -157,6 +158,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Services
 					group.Description = form.Description;
 				if (form.IsDiscoverable.HasValue)
 					group.IsDiscoverable = form.IsDiscoverable.Value;
+				if (Policy(form.PostingPolicy) is { } policy)
+					group.PostingPolicy = policy;
 				if (form.ManuallyApprovesMembers.HasValue)
 					group.ManuallyApprovesMembers = form.ManuallyApprovesMembers.Value;
 				if (form.RemoveInvitationPassword)
@@ -316,6 +319,14 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Services
 			!string.IsNullOrEmpty(rootUserId) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(avatarId)
 			&& await _dbEntities.RootToAvatars.Match(ra => ra.RootId == rootUserId && ra.AvatarId == avatarId).ExecuteAnyAsync(token);
 
+		static PostingPolicy? Policy(string value) => value?.ToLowerInvariant() switch
+		{
+			"anyone" => PostingPolicy.Anyone,
+			"moderators" => PostingPolicy.Moderators,
+			"followers" => PostingPolicy.Followers,
+			_ => (PostingPolicy?)null
+		};
+
 		static string NewInvitationCode() => $"{Guid.NewGuid():N}{Guid.NewGuid():N}";
 
 		ViewGroup ToView(GroupEntity group, string avatarId)
@@ -331,6 +342,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Services
 				Url = actor.Uri,
 				Handle = actor.Handle,
 				IsCommunity = group.Kind == GroupKind.Community,
+				PostingPolicy = group.PostingPolicy.ToString().ToLowerInvariant(),
 				IsDiscoverable = group.IsDiscoverable,
 				ManuallyApprovesMembers = group.ManuallyApprovesMembers,
 				IsOwner = group.OwnerAvatarId == avatarId,

PrivaPub/Web/Pages/Pages.cs

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Web.Pages
 		public async Task<IActionResult> OnGetAsync(string user, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			Actor = await _localActors.FindByUserName(user, token);
-			if (Actor is not { IsFederated: true } || Actor.Kind == LocalActorKind.Application)
+			if (Actor is not { IsFederated: true, IsCircle: false } || Actor.Kind == LocalActorKind.Application)
 				return NotFound();
 			if (WantsActivityJson())
 				return Redirect(Actor.Uri);